1. Introduction
Launching a 50-bed hospital is a significant endeavour — whether in India, the USA, Europe or other regions. For healthcare-entrepreneurs, investors, or public health planners, understanding realistic costs, benefits and regional variations is crucial. In this article we update the latest available data (2024-25), add currency conversions (USD, EUR, INR) and present cost tables for different parts of the world. We also discuss operational considerations, financing, risk factors and benefits of a 50-bed facility.
2. Why build a 50-bed hospital?
A hospital with around 50 beds occupies a niche between small clinics/health centres and large multi-hundred bed hospitals. The benefits include:
- Moderate scale: Not so small that the facility cannot support core specialties, diagnostics, inpatient care.
- Manageable investment: Much lower than a 300-bed tertiary hospital, enabling faster return on investment.
- Flexibility: Can serve a township, semi-urban region or a district-level catchment area.
- Community impact: It improves healthcare access, reduces patient travel, supports local employment.
- Strategic value: For a healthcare company or hospital management group, a 50-bed hospital can act as a “feeder” or regional hub.
In India, for instance, a previous benchmark noted that building a 50-bed hospital may cost around ₹10 crore to ₹20 crore (which is roughly USD 1.2 million to USD 2.4 million) at the time of writing in 2023. (hospi.info)
However, global comparisons suggest far higher budgets in developed economies: one source indicates for every 50 beds a hospital may cost USD 25 million to USD 75 million. (FreshBooks)
Thus, location, specialised services, building standards, equipment, land cost, regulatory issues and infrastructure all drive cost variation. In the sections below we break down the cost, region by region, and then discuss other important factors.
3. Cost Components: What drives the cost?
When planning the capex and opex of a 50-bed hospital, you should consider the following major cost components:
- Land and site development
- Acquisition or lease of land: urban vs rural differences.
- Clearing, grading, road access, utilities (water, power, sewage, oxygen, gas pipelines).
- Parking, landscaping, approach roads.
- Building construction (shell & core)
- Hospital building: typically multi-storey or single depending on land availability.
- Floor area: more area = higher cost.
- Structural costs, finishes, mechanical/electrical, elevators, fire‐protection, HVAC.
- Medical & engineering equipment and installations
- Imaging (CT, MRI, X-ray, ultrasound), labs, OT (operation theatre) equipment, ICU beds, dialysis units, etc.
- Infrastructure for gases, central sterilisation, HVAC, elevators.
- Workflow design for patient movement, infection control.
- Interior fit‐out, furniture & fixtures, IT systems
- Beds, monitors, nursing stations, patient furniture, waiting areas.
- Information systems: hospital‐information system (HIS), PACS, telemedicine, network infrastructure.
- Interiors: finishes, flooring, ceilings, lighting.
- Licensing, approvals, consultancy, project management
- Architect/engineer fees, approvals from health authorities, fire, environment clearance.
- Fee for hospital design, procurement consultancy, commissioning.
- Working capital and start‐up costs
- Pre-opening costs: staff recruitment/training, initial consumables, marketing, tie-ups with insurance.
- Reserve for initial months of operating losses before stable revenue flow.
- Operating expenditure (OPEX) to break even (not immediate capex, but important)
- Staffing (doctors, nurses, technicians, support staff).
- Utilities (electricity, medical gases, waste disposal).
- Maintenance, consumables, insurance, administrative overhead.
In essence, the cost to build and make operational a 50-bed hospital would be the sum of land + building + equipment + fit‐out + startup. Then ongoing OPEX must be planned for as part of the business model.
4. Cost benchmarks by region (Updated 2024-25)
Below is a table showing indicative investment for a 50-bed hospital in different global markets. All figures are approximate and serve only as planning benchmarks; actual cost depends heavily on local conditions.
| Region | Approx. Capex for 50-bed hospital | Approx. in USD | Approx. in EUR* | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| India (Tier-2 city) | ₹12-30 crore | USD 1.4-3.5 million | EUR 1.3-3.2 million | Based on earlier Indian benchmark of ₹10-20 crore for 50-bed hospitals. (hospi.info) |
| India (Metro city, with upgraded equipment) | ₹30-50 crore or more | USD 3.5-6.0 million | EUR 3.2-5.5 million | Higher finishes, specialised departments, higher land cost. |
| USA/Canada (community hospital) | USD 25-75 million | USD 25-75 million | EUR 23-70 million (approx) | According to FreshBooks: every 50 beds may cost USD 25-75 million. (FreshBooks) |
| Western Europe (similar scale) | EUR 20-60 million | USD 22-65 million | EUR 20-60 million | Local building codes, labour costs high. |
| Emerging markets (South-East Asia, Africa) | USD 2-10 million | USD 2-10 million | EUR 1.8-9 million | Lower land/labour cost, but may have higher financing risk. |
*EUR values are illustrative, based on approximate USD→EUR conversion (USD 1 ≈ EUR 0.92 in 2025).
Key take-aways:
- In India, building a 50-bed hospital remains comparatively low cost due to lower land/land-labour costs, but high variability depending on finishes & equipment.
- In developed economies, the cost per bed is far higher (often USD 0.5-1.5 million per bed or more) due to stringent codes, high wages, expensive equipment.
- Emerging markets may offer “low cost” entry but carry higher risks (currency, regulatory, supply chain) and may not support premium pricing.
5. Detailed cost for India (2025 context)
Let’s dive deeper into India again, using latest cost indicators and adjusting for inflation.
5.1 Historical benchmark
A 2023 article noted: “The average cost of building a 50-bed hospital in India is ₹10 crore to ₹20 crore.” (hospi.info)
Another source indicates that hospital set-ups with all facilities cost around Rs 10–15 lakhs per bed in some cases, versus “Rs 1.5 crores per bed” in others. (bwhealthcareworld.com)
LinkedIn commentary suggests for a multi-specialty hospital (50-100 beds) cost could be ₹5 crore to ₹50 crore. (LinkedIn)
These wide ranges reflect differences in location, equipment, specialties, building standards.
5.2 Inflation & current cost factors
Since those older figures (2023) many cost drivers have increased: construction materials (cement, steel), imported medical equipment, labour costs, regulatory overhead.
Let’s assume an average inflation/price escalation of 6-10% per annum for construction & equipment.
Thus, a previous benchmark of ₹10-20 crore might now realistically be ₹13-30 crore in many places. For metro land costs, upgraded finishes and higher end equipment, ₹30-50 crore may be realistic.
5.3 Example case & conversions
- Suppose you plan a 50-bed hospital in a Tier-2 Indian city with moderate equipment and finishes. Let’s budget ₹20 crore (≈ USD 2.4 million; assuming USD 1 ≈ ₹82).
- For a metro city like Mumbai/Delhi with premium equipment and 50 beds, you might budget ₹40 crore (≈ USD 4.9 million).
- Converting to EUR at USD→EUR 0.92: ₹20 crore ≈ USD 2.4m ≈ EUR 2.2m. ₹40 crore ≈ USD 4.9m ≈ EUR 4.5m.
5.4 Breakdown (Indicative)
Here is a hypothetical cost breakdown for a ₹30 crore (≈ USD 3.66 million) 50-bed hospital:
| Cost component | % of total | Amount (₹) | USD equivalent |
|---|---|---|---|
| Land & site development | 15% | ₹4.5 crore | ≈ USD 0.55 m |
| Building construction | 40% | ₹12 crore | ≈ USD 1.46 m |
| Medical & engineering equipment | 25% | ₹7.5 crore | ≈ USD 0.92 m |
| Interior fit-out & IT systems | 10% | ₹3.0 crore | ≈ USD 0.37 m |
| Licensing, start-up, working capital | 10% | ₹3.0 crore | ≈ USD 0.37 m |
Such a breakdown helps you allocate funds and identify key cost levers (for example, choosing equipment grade can reduce cost by 10-20%).
5.5 Important local variables
- Land cost: In major metros land may cost far more per square metre—raising the land & site cost share to 20-25%.
- Equipment grade: If you include high-end specialties (cardiac cath lab, advanced radiology), equipment cost may jump to 35-30%.
- Building standards: Fire code, seismic standards, green building certifications add cost.
- Labour & local supply chain: Regional variation in labour cost matters.
- Regulatory approvals & licences: Time delays add cost.
- OPEX considerations: Personnel costs, utilities, consumables must be factored into business plan.
6. Global considerations & comparisons
6.1 United States / Canada
In the US/Canada context, one article states: for every 50 beds, construction costs range between USD 25 million and USD 75 million. (FreshBooks) That equates to roughly USD 500,000 to USD 1.5 million per bed.
Why so high? Because:
- Very high labour cost;
- Stringent building codes, accessibility requirements;
- Advanced equipment and high technology;
- Large allowance for contingencies, insurance;
- Higher finish standards and patient expectations.
6.2 Western Europe
Similar to US in many respects, though the cost per bed may be slightly lower or comparable depending on country. Building in e.g. Germany, France or UK may require EUR 400,000 to EUR 1 million per bed for a new hospital depending on location, services, land cost.
6.3 Emerging markets
In parts of Africa, Southeast Asia or Latin America, building costs may be much lower — e.g., USD 2-10 million for 50 beds in some cases — but the caveats are: lower standards of finish, fewer specialties, possible higher risk in supply chain, maintenance, staffing.
6.4 Key lessons
- You cannot simply “scale up” Indian cost benchmarks to Western markets — multiply by 10-20x.
- In Western markets “50 beds” often refers to smaller hospitals or “micro‐hospitals” with fewer services; many hospitals there are 100+ or 200+ beds.
- In emerging markets, ensure you account for quality standards, regulatory compliance, infrastructure gaps, and risk management.
7. Business model & return on investment (ROI)
Building a 50-bed hospital is one thing; running it profitably is another. Let’s outline key metrics.
7.1 Revenue drivers
- Inpatient revenue: bed occupancy rate, average length of stay (ALOS).
- Outpatient revenue: diagnostics, consultations.
- Procedures and diagnostics: surgeries, imaging, labs, dialysis.
- Ancillary revenue: pharmacy, hospitality services, accommodation for attendants.
7.2 Cost drivers (OPEX)
- Staff salaries (doctors, nurses, technicians).
- Utilities (electricity, medical gases, waste disposal).
- Consumables, maintenance of equipment.
- Administrative overhead, insurance, depreciation.
- Marketing and admissions cost.
7.3 Key performance indicators (KPIs) to monitor
- Bed occupancy rate (target > 60-70% ideally).
- Average length of stay (ALOS) (lower is better if efficient).
- Revenue per occupied bed per day.
- Cost per occupied bed per day.
- Break-even occupancy percentage.
- Payback period (after capex) and internal rate of return (IRR).
7.4 Sample ROI estimate for India
Let’s assume a ₹30 crore investment (≈ USD 3.66 m). Suppose revenue per bed per day is ₹8,000 and cost per bed per day is ₹4,000. With 50 beds, occupancy at 65% (~32.5 beds) means:
- Revenue per day: 32.5 * ₹8,000 = ₹2,60,000
- Cost per day: 32.5 * ₹4,000 = ₹1,30,000
- Gross daily profit: ₹1,30,000
- Annual profit (~300 operational days): ₹1,30,000 * 300 = ₹3.9 crore
- Payback period: ₹30 crore / ₹3.9 crore ≈ 7.7 years
Thus, at these assumptions you might expect a payback of 7–8 years. Changing parameters (higher occupancy, higher revenue per day, lower costs) can shorten the payback.
7.5 Risk factors
- Low occupancy (<50%) delays payback.
- Equipment downtime or high maintenance cost.
- Regulatory compliance or licensing delays.
- High staff attrition/hiring cost.
- Competition from larger hospitals.
- Cost escalations during construction.
- Change in reimbursement rates (insurance/government schemes).
8. Benefits of building a 50-bed hospital
- Improved access to healthcare: A 50-bed hospital can serve communities previously underserved, reduce travel time for patients.
- Scalable investment: Compared to large tertiary hospitals (200+ beds) the investment is more manageable.
- Quicker commissioning: Smaller scale allows faster construction and operationalisation.
- Flexibility: You can specialise (e.g., maternity + paediatrics) and adjust services as demand evolves.
- Employment generation: Provides jobs for doctors, nurses, technicians, administrative/support staff.
- Community trust & branding: As a standalone facility you can build a regional brand reputation, which may enable expansion later.
- Potential for growth: You can start at 50 beds and expand to 100 or more once stable operations exist.
9. Checklist before embarking on a 50-bed hospital project
- Market study: Understand catchment area, demographics, disease burden, competition.
- Business plan: Revenue, costs, occupancy assumptions, payback.
- Site selection: Land accessibility, utilities, future expansion potential.
- Regulatory compliance: Health ministry, local municipal corporation, fire, environment.
- Architecture & design: Patient flow, infection control, flexibility for future expansion.
- Equipment procurement strategy: Standardise, negotiate bulk pricing, lease vs buy.
- Staffing plan: Recruitment, training, retention strategy.
- IT/Management systems: HIS, EMR, pharmacy, billing, quality management.
- Financing structure: Equity vs debt, grants/incentives (especially in India).
- Risk mitigation: Contingency fund, timeline buffers, vendor selection.
10. Summary
Building a 50-bed hospital in 2025 remains a viable healthcare infrastructure project. In India, a realistic capex range is approximately ₹20-50 crore (USD 2.4-6.0 million / EUR 2.2-5.5 million) depending on location and services. In developed markets the cost rises sharply (USD 25-75 million+). The success of the project depends not just on construction, but on operational execution — occupancy, service mix, cost control matter. The benefits are substantial: access, employment, regional healthcare uplift, scalable investment. With careful planning, it can deliver solid ROI and community impact.
11. Frequently Asked Questions
- Q: What is the typical cost to build a 50-bed hospital in India in 2025?
A: A realistic range is about ₹20-50 crore (approximately USD 2.4-6.0 million or EUR 2.2-5.5 million) depending on city, land, equipment, and finishes. - Q: Why is there such a wide cost variation (₹20 crore vs ₹50 crore) in India?
A: Because of factors like land cost (metro vs rural), equipment grade (basic vs high-end), building finishes, and inclusion of special departments (ICU, diagnostics). - Q: How much land area is required for a 50-bed hospital?
A: It varies widely but typically you might need 0.5-2 acres depending on building height and footprint, parking requirements, service areas. - Q: What is the cost per bed in India for a 50-bed hospital?
A: If you invest ₹30 crore for 50 beds, that’s ₹0.6 crore per bed (~USD 73 k). If it’s ₹50 crore, that’s ₹1 crore per bed (~USD 122 k). The per-bed cost is much lower than in developed markets. - Q: How does the cost in the USA compare for a 50-bed hospital?
A: According to one source, USD 25-75 million for every 50 beds. That’s USD 500,000 to USD 1.5 million per bed. Much higher than India. (FreshBooks) - Q: What conversion rate did you use for USD/INR or EUR?
A: Approximate rate used is USD 1 ≈ ₹82 and USD 1 ≈ EUR 0.92 (rates approximate for 2025). - Q: Which services must a 50-bed hospital include to be viable?
A: Core services: emergency, inpatient care, general medicine, surgery, diagnostics (imaging/lab), pharmacy, moderate ICU/HDU capacity, outpatient clinic. - Q: Is a 50-bed hospital large enough to include super-specialty departments?
A: Usually no; super-specialties (cardiac cath lab, organ transplant) often require higher bed count (100+) and much larger investment. A 50-bed hospital focuses on general & multi-specialty care. - Q: What is the typical payback period for such a project in India?
A: For example, if investment is ₹30 crore and annual profit is ₹3.9 crore (on assumptions given earlier), payback ~7–8 years. Actual payback may vary. - Q: What occupancy rate is considered healthy?
A: Generally aiming for 60-70% occupancy for stable operations; lower occupancy (<50%) makes the business risky. - Q: What is average length of stay (ALOS) in a 50-bed hospital?
A: Depends on case mix, but typically 4-5 days for general hospitals. Shorter ALOS improves turnover and revenue potential. - Q: How much working capital should be kept aside for start-up?
A: Probably 6-12 months of operations cost (staff, utilities, consumables) should be budgeted as working capital. - Q: Are there any government incentives in India for building small hospitals?
A: Yes—some states offer subsidies, tax incentives or land at concessional rates for health infrastructure in underserved areas. It depends on state policy. - Q: Does equipment cost dominate the budget?
A: In many cases equipment may account for 20-30% of the total cost (as shown in the example breakdown). But in premium hospitals it could be higher. - Q: Can we lease equipment to reduce capex?
A: Yes—leasing or doing hire-purchase of high-end equipment is a viable strategy to reduce upfront capex and spread cost. - Q: Should the hospital be single-storey or multi-storey?
A: Land cost and local regulations drive this decision. In metros, multi-storey (G+4 or G+5) is common. In semi-urban areas land may allow spread-out design. - Q: What type of approvals/licences are required?
A: Health ministry or state health department license, fire NOC, environment clearance (if required), building approval, hospital registration, waste disposal licence. - Q: How important is IT/HIS investment in a 50-bed hospital?
A: Very important. A good Hospital Information System (HIS), Electronic Medical Records (EMR), billing, diagnostics interface improves efficiency, reduces errors, supports growth. - Q: How to choose site location?
A: Consider catchment area population, accessibility (roads/public transport), proximity to referral hospitals, land availability, growth potential. - Q: What is the typical staffing pattern for a 50-bed hospital?
A: Depends on services, but you may need: 3-5 full time doctors covering key specialties, 15-25 nurses, technicians, support staff, admin staff. Shift coverage for in-patient services and emergency. - Q: How do utility costs influence operations?
A: Utilities (electricity, medical gas, HVAC) can be significant – sometimes 8-12% of operating cost. Efficient design (LED lighting, centralised gas pipeline, energy management) helps. - Q: What is the impact of equipment maintenance on cost?
A: Maintenance of equipment, especially imaging/OT/ICU, can cost 3-5% of equipment value annually. Downtime affects revenue. - Q: Is a 50-bed hospital good for rural areas?
A: Yes—especially where larger hospitals are far away. It helps fill the gap. In rural areas land cost is lower and demand may be pent-up. But staffing and supply chain may be challenging. - Q: Should one build the hospital first or procure equipment first?
A: Ideally both proceed in parallel to optimize schedule. Construction and equipment procurement often overlap, but finishing building and then commissioning equipment is typical. - Q: What contingency fund should one keep during construction?
A: At least 5-10% of construction budget as contingency for design changes, delays, price escalation. - Q: How long does it take to construct and commission a 50-bed hospital?
A: Typically 12-24 months depending on location, design complexity, regulatory approvals. Projects with high specialties may take longer. - Q: What is the role of modular construction or prefabrication?
A: Modular/prefab construction can reduce time and potentially cost. However in hospital design suitability and compliance need careful checking. - Q: Will the cost per bed reduce if you build 100 beds instead of 50?
A: Yes, economies of scale apply: fixed costs spread over more beds, shared infrastructure costs reduce per-bed cost. So cost per bed for 100 bed may be lower than cost per bed for 50 bed. - Q: Are there financing options for hospital construction in India?
A: Yes – banks, NBFCs, infrastructure funds, health-sector investment funds. Also public-private partnerships (PPP) if aligning with government policy. - Q: Can the hospital be expanded later?
A: Yes—with proper site planning you can design for future expansion (e.g., shell floors ready, structural capacity). This reduces disruption later. - Q: What rate of inflation or escalation should one assume for the next 12-18 months?
A: For construction/equipment inflation in India one might assume 6-10% annually; but site-specific conditions vary. - Q: Are there tax benefits for healthcare infrastructure in India?
A: Healthcare has been a focus sector; there are deductions (e.g., Section 80-IB) and accelerated depreciation for medical equipment; details depend on the state. - Q: What is the role of location in determining the revenue potential?
A: Very significant. A 50-bed hospital in a high-growth suburb of a metro may achieve higher revenue per bed/day and higher occupancy than one in a remote area. - Q: Can telemedicine/outsourcing reduce cost or increase revenue?
A: Yes: ancillary services, tele-consultations, remote diagnostics increase catchment and revenue. Outsourcing some diagnostic/OT services may reduce capex. - Q: How should one plan for consumables and pharmacy?
A: Consumables (sutures, disposables, drugs) are a major recurring cost—typically 15-25% of operating cost. A well-managed pharmacy adds revenue and control. - Q: What bed-mix is recommended for a 50-bed hospital?
A: For example: 30 general beds, 10 surgery beds, 5 ICU/HDU beds, 5 maternity/paediatrics beds. The mix depends on demand. - Q: How much should ICU beds cost compared to general beds?
A: ICU beds cost more (higher equipment, monitoring, staffing). Often 2-3× the cost of a general bed. - Q: Do you need a helipad for a 50-bed hospital?
A: Unlikely—helipads are typically for tertiary referral hospitals. They add large cost and are not necessary in most mid-sized hospitals. - Q: What kinds of insurance should the hospital carry?
A: Property/plant insurance, professional liability insurance, equipment breakdown, business interruption insurance. - Q: How important is parking and accessibility?
A: Very important for patient convenience, regulatory approval and future expansion. Adequate parking space defines site size and cost. - Q: What regulatory accreditation should a 50-bed hospital aim for?
A: Accreditation bodies like NABH (India), JCI (international) help quality and trust. Achieving accreditation may raise cost slightly but pays off in reputation and reimbursements. - Q: How does government policy affect the project?
A: Health-infrastructure policy, tax incentives, subsidies, land as gift/lease, state-level packages all matter. Delays or changes increase risk. - Q: What is contingency for equipment obsolescence?
A: Equipment may become outdated in 7-10 years; budgeting for replacement or upgrades (5-7% of equipment value annually) is prudent. - Q: How to handle waste management and biomedical disposal cost?
A: Bio-medical waste rules must be followed; on-site incineration or outsourcing disposal has cost implications (usually a small percent of running cost). - Q: Can the hospital serve as a training or academic centre to improve revenue?
A: Yes; tie-ups with medical colleges, nursing schools, paramedical training institutes increase utilisation, staff availability and revenue. - Q: Is it better to build or rent the building for the hospital?
A: Renting can reduce upfront investment but limits control, may increase long-term cost, and restricts design. Ownership is preferred for long-term stability. - Q: How to model worst-case financial scenario?
A: Assume occupancy at 40%, revenue per day 20% lower than target, cost per bed/day 10% higher, and project payback > 12 years. Use such conservative model for risk management. - Q: What are the key milestones before opening?
A: Site acquisition → approvals → construction → procurement of equipment → staff recruitment/training → commissioning and test runs → launch. - Q: How critical is the choice of architect/consultant?
A: Very critical—hospital design affects workflow efficiency, infection control, flexibility and cost. Use consultants with hospital design experience. - Q: What are common mistakes in 50-bed hospital projects?
A: Under-estimating capex, ignoring escalation, weak market study, choosing wrong site, under-powered staffing, ignoring OPEX in planning, delaying commissioning. - Q: Can the hospital be designed so that 50 beds can expand to 100 later?
A: Yes — planning structural capacity, extra space, modular design enables future expansion at lower incremental cost. - Q: How should financing be structured (equity vs debt)?
A: Typical might be 60-70% debt and 30-40% equity; risk profiles differ. Lower debt reduces pressure but equity returns may be lower. - Q: What patient rate (bed-day revenue) is achievable in India?
A: Depending on region and speciality, ₹5,000-12,000 per bed-day is possible in many Tier-2 markets; higher in metro. - Q: How to benchmark against competition?
A: Analyse nearby hospitals: their bed occupancy, specialities, tariffs, gap in services. Use this to set your service mix and pricing. - Q: How much contingency should I budget for unforeseen events (e.g., pandemics)?
A: At least 10-15% of the capex project budget and working capital for 3-6 months of operations. - Q: Are there digital health trends to incorporate when building now?
A: Yes: tele-medicine rooms, remote monitoring, integration with mobile apps, cloud-based HIS — these future-proof the facility and attract younger patients. - Q: What’s the role of green/LEED certification?
A: It adds cost (2-5% extra in many cases) but may reduce utility costs, raise reputation and improve patient/employee comfort. - Q: How does COVID-19 or future pandemics affect design?
A: Include flexible isolation wards, negative-pressure rooms, adequate ventilation, tele health readiness – cost increment maybe 2-4% but improves resilience. - Q: Should I build on-site accommodation for staff?
A: In semi-urban/rural regions, yes—it helps staffing retention. But adds to land/building cost; trade-off to consider. - Q: How to monitor project progress effectively?
A: Use stage-gates (design approval, foundation, shell, fit-out, equipment installation, commissioning), track cost & timeline variance, set dashboards.
12. Closing thoughts
Launching a 50-bed hospital in today’s environment offers a meaningful business and social opportunity. The key lies in realistic budgeting, regional benchmarking, sound operational planning and risk management. As we’ve seen, cost varies dramatically by region: from a few million USD in India or emerging markets, to tens of millions in developed economies. But the principles remain the same: select the right location, design efficient workflows, equip wisely, manage operating costs tightly, and aim for high occupancy and good service mix.
If you’re planning such a venture—or evaluating one—use the data shared here as a foundation, tailor it to your local context, run sensitivity analyses, and craft a robust business plan.
